This is the second time I have told the story of Mr Green. The first time I concentrated on his gold mining invention. But he has a longer history in the south Island of New Zealand. The following, especially the first story, is presented as published at the time.
The following is a faithful narration of a horrid, but interesting occurrence, which took place in Foveaux Straits, on the Island of Ruapuke, in the year 1839. It was the time that the cruel and bloodthirsty chief Toack, better known under the name of Bloody Jack, stood in the height of his ill-gained reputation, and had become the terror of the Maori population in the south of New Zealand. He had lately returned from one of his war excursions in the North, and had brought several prisoners which he had made on this occasion to Ruapuke. With the exception of four, all of them were females, and therefore highly valued by their cruel captor. During his temporary absence from the island, a white man, who had lived for some months at Ruapuke, and who had his time employed in building a small sailing craft, formed, in the hope of an ample reward, the bold idea to restore the female prisoners to their countrymen. After having taken them secretly on board, he succeeded under cover of a dark night in sailing from the island. A few days after this escape had been effected, Toack returned to Ruapuke in company with Mr George Green, a gentleman who at present resides in Dunedin, and who went at that time to Foveaux Straits in order to take possession of some land situated at the Bluff and Stewart's Island, which he had bought some months previously from the Maories. Toack, learning that the women had escaped, got in a fearful passion, swearing that he would have his revenge on the male prisoners who should be brought before him and put immediately to death. Mr Green hearing this cruel and horrible sentence, tried all in his power to prevent its execution, but all his arguments and remonstrances proved fruitless, and served only to increase the rage of the monster, especially when it was ascertained that one of his intended victims was absent from the island on an expedition to catch mutton birds. A very strong and athletic Maori was appointed to put to death the doomed men; in vain they pleaded for their lives, in vain they tried to defend themselves, the order of the chief was executed, although the youngest, who died last, even succeeded in inflicting several wounds on the body of his executioner, an old man, who is still alive at Jacob's river. Mr Green obtained, with great difficulty, the permission to bury the bodies, and prevented thus the customary banquet of human flesh. He also succeeded in saving the life of the fourth prisoner, who, on his return, was to share the fate of his countrymen. By signing a bond for £5, he obtained this man as his cooky or slave. After he had lived with Mr Green for a considerable time, his master made him over to another white man, named Steerling, who lived at that time at the Bluff, but he was ultimately set free and restored to his own tribe by Toby, the present principal chief in the western portion of this island. —Daily Times. -Lake Wakatip Mail, 17/2/1864.
The Guiding Star, in coming down from Town yesterday, got aground on the bank which forms the eastward boundary of the channel, and was delayed in sailing till a late hour at night. The advantages which must accrue to the establishment of telegraphic communication between Port Chalmers and Dunedin was illustrated by the circumstances of the departure of the Guiding Star on this occasion. The White Swan brought on the Southland mails, having been unable to land them at the Bluff. Immediately on receipt they were sent to town, to be transferred to the Guiding Star. In the meantime the Guiding Star sailed, but, having been delayed all day at the Port, there was sufficient time, had the telegraph been in operation, to have notified the circumstances, and had the mails returned. As it was, there was no means of rapid communication, only two of the steamers running, and these only one trip each way, and the consequence was a further and unavoidable delay of the mails. There are many similar occurrences in the course of every week, affecting both official and general business, which show the absolute necessity of telegraphic communication between the two places. -Otago Daily Times, 10/5/1862.
SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE (excerpt)
New Life and Pilot Boat. — Yesterday, we had the opportunity of inspecting the model, by Mr. George Green, of North Shore, of a newly invented lifeboat, on the diagonal principle. Mr. Green described the workings of this vessel in every particular. At present, we understand, the matter is before the Government for their approval; and, if accepted, a fit opportunity then will be afforded to the public of witnessing its performances. The model is built on the elliptic tubular principle. When constructed for use, it will be sixty feet in length, with six feet beam, and propelled by eighteen oars, working through the sides, which will be made watertight by jackets, also to act either as lifepreservers in case of persons swimming for assistance. She will contain 132 watertight compartments, and be so constructed as to free herself from water instantly, at the same time retaining her full buoyancy, no matter in how many places she should be stove. Her speed is calculated to be considerable, and her sea qualities unequalled by anything yet produced. From her peculiar construction, she will ride out the most boisterous weather, with sixty persons on board.. On top of the boat there are three turrets, rising four feet, capable of allowing two persons to be stationed in each in case of emergency, or one to remain, whilst ample room will be given for the descent or ascent of another party. The caps of the turrets are self-acting, so that when the vessel is on a certain angle (of about 45) they will close, and at once shut out the water. The escape pipes are peculiarly arranged, with the view of affording ventilation to the passengers and crew in whatever position the boat may be. This, we understand, has been the chief study of the inventor, and so plain do they appear in the model that the greatest stranger at a glance could catch the idea. The rudders are on the centre-board principle, and the vessel can be steered at either end. Should it be deemed necessary to alter her course at any time, there would be no difficulty in effecting it. The mooring apparatus is applied in the same manner. There is one very great desideratum in this invention, viz., that the crew are sheltered from the severity of the weather, and, therefore, would be enabled to continue their labours a much greater length of time than is possible under ordinary circumstances, after being compelled, from exposure, to give in from exhaustion. There are even cabins fitted at either end so as to admit of the change of apparel to survivors. Every provision will be on board that can be found in vessels of large tonnage. Mr. Green has laboured for many years in improving models of this description; and, to all appearance, has at last achieved a success. The total weight of the boat, together with her gear and appendages, and lower part from her fenders, is 20,910 lbs., and 8998 lbs. on the upper portion, giving a preponderance of 16,912 lbs., which is almost a sufficient guarantee for the floating and safety of the boat in any seaway.- Sydney Morning Herald, July 16. -Daily Southern Cross, 7/8/1862.
The steamer Aphrasia from Invercargill, arrived at the Port this forenoon. Her appearance gave rise to the suspicion that something was wrong with the Guiding Star, which has been overdue for some days, and this proved to be the case. We learn from Captain Cheyne that the Guiding Star is on shore, and is understood to have already received considerable damage. The accident which led to this occurred on Saturday last. On that day the Guiding Star was on her way from the anchorage at Invercargill to Riverton, when she struck on what is supposed to be a submarine rock. Immediately after striking, she began to fill, and Captain Fraser adopted the necessary expedient of running her on the beach close to the Maori settlement. At this place she still lies, and when the Aphrasia left, her saloon on deck had been washed away, with a considerable portion of her bulwarks. The exact extent of the damage she has received is not yet correctly ascertained. It is said that no rock was previously known to exist in the position in which she struck, and that it is supposed by some to have been an anchor with which she came in collision. The Aphrasia left Invercargill at noon on Tuesday, and the Bluff at three p.m., and has had a fair wind most of the way. Among her passengers are several gentlemen who proceeded to the Bluff to attend the sale of the ship Flying Mist, and who are said to have bought her where she lies for L356. As good hope is entertained of her being raised, an attempt is to be made to do this, and men and the necessary appliances for that purpose are now being obtained in Dunedin.
The White Star ship Mistress of the Seas, which today discharged upwards of 700 passengers into the Samson and Ruby outside the Heads, made a very rapid run as far as Nuggety Point, but was delayed in making the anchorage since Friday last, in consequence or the prevalence of light and baffling winds. -Otago Daily Times, 2/10/1862.
THE GUIDING STAR.
The following letter has been handed to us for publication — (Copy.)
S.S. Guiding Star, New River, September 27th, 1862. Sir, — Captain Fraser bids me acquaint you of an accident which occurred to the steamer at 6.30 this morning. 1 have been lying here bar bound for three days, and got under weigh this morning, the weather being fine. Whilst abreast of the Maori Kaik, she struck heavily on a sunken rock, somewhere about the engine-room, the water filling the engine-room fast. I beached her at the Maori Kaik, and have had the crew discharging the cargo, assisted by some Maories. A large portion of the cargo is damaged. I can't tell what damage is done to the hull, but I believe it to be about the engine-room. I may mention that the course I was steering was the same as usual.
I will write soon again with more particulars. Meantime,
I remain, yours in haste, (Signed) THOMAS HART, Chief Officer Steamship Guiding Star. P.S. —Please come here by the first opportunity; I will do all I can in the meantime for all parties concerned. (Signed) CHARLES FRASER, Captain Steamship Guiding Star.
Mr. Green. Otago Daily Times, 4/10/1862.
Mr. George Green, the owner of the steamship Guiding Star, has arrived in lnvercargill, with the view, we believe, of endeavoring to raise the vessel. He has brought down a party of men, who are now busily at work, and the casks necessary for floating her were to be towed down by the paddle-steamer Aphrasia yesterday afternoon. It appears that the sunken rock which Captain Frazer believed to be the cause of accident has been found, and is now buoyed, it should have been buoyed long since by the present Harbor-Master of Otago, if we are rightly informed, as a vessel he commanded some two or three years since touched upon it. Now that it is buoyed, future accidents need not be feared. Mr Green says he hopes to have the Guiding Star all ready for sea again in about a month, but he does not pledge himself to continue her in the coastal trade between here and Dunedin. -Lyttelton Times, 29/10/1862.
Local Intelligence
We understand that the raising of the Guiding Star is progressing in a favourable manner; already her decks are dry at low water, and Mr Green informs us that he is in hopes that in a day or two he will have completed the necessary arrangements to beach her. when she will be temporarily repaired, and immediately leave for Dunedin; she will there undergo a thorough overhauling. We may expect to see her running in about a month. -Southland Times, 28/11/1862.
FOR SALE by Tender
the Steamship "GUIDING STAR," As she now, lies at the Mokomoko, near Invercargill, together with her spars, rigging, sails, anchors, chains, pumps, casks, cabin furniture, &c, &c, an inventory of which can be seen at my office; or at Messrs MANNING and, WHITTON'S, Invercargill.
Tenders will be received at my office till l0th November next.
H. T. GREEN, Belgrave Chambers, Princes street. -Otago Daily Times, 23/10/1863.
Resident Magistrate's Court
George Green was summoned for permitting the wreck of the Guiding Star to obstruct the navigation of the river. Captain Greig gave evidence that the wreck of the Guiding Star was lying in the New River below the Bombay Rock; she was lying below low water mark. On the 27th November (when the information was laid) he did not know whether the wreck belonged to the defendant or not; she belonged to him in the month of June, about a month after he was served with the usual notice. Mr. Weston, who appeared for the defendant who was in Dunedin, denied his responsibility, as the wreck of the Guiding Star no longer belonged to him. As it was a criminal information it would be for the complainant to prove that the vessel was the property of the defendant on the date when the information was laid. The Harbour Master said he was not in a position to prove that the vessel was the property of the defendant. Under those circumstances the Bench could only dismiss the ease. The Court then adjourned. -Southland Times, 27/1/1864.
The Guiding Star was still sitting in the New River estuary at the end of 1864, when it was on a list of wrecks whose removal was demanded by the Provincial Government.
In October, 1864, the SS Alhambra, 700 tons, arrived at Port Chalmers, having been damaged. George Green expressed his opinion on the correct course of action for repair of the ship, but the failure to raise the Guiding Star dogged him.
{BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)
Port Chalmers, 25th October. Alhambra has arrived inside Heads. After anchoring, signals were made for a tug steamer, but subsequently drawn down. Cause of delay not known.
(BY SPECIAL DISPATCH ) The Alhambra, which still lies inside the Heads, has been communicated with. It appears that immediately after crossing the bar, some part of her machinery broke down, and she at once dropped anchor. As the engines continue to work quite smoothly, it is understood to be the shaft which has become displaced or broken; but in any event, she is not likely to be able to proceed on her passage without repairs, which will be the cause of some delay. One of the officers has come up to Port Chalmers, and has engaged the steam tug Favorite to tow the vessel up in the morning, when it is probable the passengers desirous of proceeding, and the mails will have to be transferred to some other steamer. In the meantime, all remain on board. The steamer Bruce is to proceed down at, 4 a.m., and the vessel will likely return to port at 6 a.m. -Otago Daily Times, 26/10/1864.
Almost immediately on arriving safely in port, the owners of the Alhambra sought tenders to supply the masts, rigging and sails to set up the ship to sail the Tasman for repair in Melbourne. George Green was strongly of the opinion that the ship could be repaired in Otago.
ACCIDENT TO THE ALHAMBRA.
The steamship Alhambra, which was reported as having anchored at the Heads on Tuesday evening, in consequence of some derangement of her machinery, was towed up to the usual anchorage by the steamer Favourite on Wednesday morning. She was afterwards warped into Mansford Bay, for the purpose of being beached, preparatory to proceeding with an examination of the injury. But, previous to beaching her, it, was decided upon to obtain the services of the submarine diver, Mr Watson, and, on an examination being made by him, it was found that the mainshaft had broken close to the screw, which remained suspended by the after bearings. This injury is necessarily of so serious a character that, without the facility of a patent slip, it will be impossible to effect the repairs here. The Alhambra will, therefore, have to proceed to Melbourne under sail, after her screw is detached, and, with this view, the coals in her after compartments are being taken out so as to place her on an even keel for the prosecution of the passage. The passengers, of whom there were a hundred, and nearly half the number in the cabin, will be transferred to the City of Hobart, which vessel will be dispatched on Thursday afternoon instead of on Saturday, as was latterly advertised. It is much to be regretted that this port continues without the facilities for effecting the repairs necessary in such a case as that of the Alhambra. The engineering establishments in town, we understand, are quite competent to undertake the work which would be necessary, but, without a slip, the ingenuity of engineers and their costly establishments are of no avail. Though there are every day occuring some instances of the necessity of a patent slip, a prominent case such as the present may have more effect than others, in directing the attention to the want from which the port suffers, and to the urgent necessity for that being early met, by every possible encouragement being given, to those who may be prepared to embark in the enterprise of raising a patent slip or floating dock at Port Chalmers. -Otago Witness, 29/10/1864.
THE ACCIDENT TO THE ALHAMBRA.
(To the Editor of the Daily Times.) Sir — In reading the report of the accident to the Alhambra I see a statement that it is impossible to effect the necessary repairs here.
Notwithstanding that assertion I beg to say I would have repaired any damage she has sustained while she lay at her anchors at Port Chalmers.
Some years ago the Croecus, a mail steamer of over 2000 tons, accidentally strained her stern post, causing such a leakage it was impossible to send her from Sydney — an accident more serious than has befallen the Alhambra — and I repaired her most succesfully. The plan of operations I should have adopted are inexpensive and expeditious and the owners of the Alhambra would have been saved a large amount of loss if they had taken the opinions of mechanics instead of those of men who cannot possibly have any knowledge of engineering. I ask insertion of this letter to ventilate the matter, and am
Yours, &c, Geo. Green, Ship Builder and Marine Surveyor, late of Sydney. -Otago Daily Times, 31/10/1864.
THE ACCIDENT TO THE ALHAMBRA.
(To the Editor of the Daily Times.) Sir — I observe a letter in your paper of this morning, signed "George Green," wherein he says he could have repaired the accident to the Alhambra at a trifling expense to the owners. I know al1 about the Croeceus. It was only a small leak that a diver could have stopped, or if more expense was wanted, with a caisson put round the stern, the leak could have been stopped. But a shaft of twenty-five feet long and eight inches in diameter could not be welded in a caisson. I am at all times ready to take good advice, but generally act according to my own ideas, and I think in this case I will be right, as I will have my ship ready and equipped, as well as the most of sailing ships, and sail on the 2nd or 3rd prox.
Perhaps the public may benefit by George Green's advice, if he tells them how he spent nearly six months in trying to lift the Guiding Star, and then did not do it. While thanking him for his kind remarks and advices, I am not yet so green as to take them.
I am, &c., John McLean. Port Chalmers, 31st Oct., 1864.
(To the Editor of the Daily Times.) Sir - Having seen a letter in your issue of to-day from a Mr G Green, who styles himself ship builder and marine surveyor late of Sydney, wherein he states that he would have repaired any damage the Alhambra had sustained, and gives an instance of his successful operations with the ss. Croesus. I presume his mode of procedure was by means of a coffer dam, but the work might nave been as easily and much more expeditiously, as well as economically done by an expert tradesman in a diving dress. However, I have yet to learn that Mr Green could have repaired the Alhambra with a new screw shaft of about, say, 26ft. long by 8in. in diameter.
And, Mr Editor, if I may be allowed to inquire through your valuable pages, why did Mr Green not lift the Guiding Star, which I am aware he made several attempts to do, although she is a small steamer (sister vessel to the Titania), and only sunk in seven or eight feet water.
The Alhambra has got the old shaft out, the propeller removed, and the aperture fastened up and will likely go to Melbourne under canvass on the 2nd or 3rd prox., where she will be properly fitted with a new screw shaft, and, if moderate success attends her movements, will return here, missing only one trip, and perhaps before Mr Green could have carried out his inexpensive and expeditious plan.
Trusting you will insert this ventilator, I am, &c., Vaporea.
(To the Editor of the Daily Times.)
Sir — As regards the repairs of the steamer Alhambra, all that is required to effect the said repairs is a new screw shaft, the old one having been got out. The dimensions of it is 25ft. 6in long, by 8in. in diameter. If this could be supplied by the engineering fraternity here as soon as taking the vessel to Melbourne, it should be done. I am inclined to think that, the mechanical genius of Mr G Green has (not) been sufficiently ventilated on this subject; perhaps a more fitting job for it would be the vessel Guiding Star.
I am &c. Engineer. -Otago Daily Times, 1/11/1864.
THE ACCIDENT TO THE ALHAMBRA.
(To the Editor of the Daily Times) Sir — Notwithstanding the would-be sarcastic letters which have appeared in today's Times, I still maintain that the Alhambra's shaft might have been repaired in Dunedin.
I had taken the precaution to ask Mr Parry, who, I believe, and is acknowledged by his compeers, to be a first class mechanic; his reply was, "I can make short work of it."
The taunts about the Guiding Star fall harmlessly upon me, inasmuch as while I superintended the operations they were perfectly successful; and I might as well accuse Capt. Maclean of culpable negligence in running the Aldinga on the reef at Waipapa Point.
I now publicly protest against the Alhambra's leaving this port; and, should anything happen to her, the underwriters have me to appeal to, for I now assert that she could have been thoroughly repaired here.
I am, &c., George Green, Ship Builder and Marine Surveyor, Late of Sydney, Belgrave Buildings, Dunedin, Nov. 1st, 1864. -Otago Daily Times, 3/11/1864.
GREEN AGAIN.
(To the Editor of the Daily Times.) Sir — Who is George Green? Is he the Geo. Green who, for about six weeks, tried to lift the schooner Mumford in Dunedin harbor, and failed in the attempt.
Afterwards his successors lifted the same vessel in the space of three or four days.
As I have had the Alhambra properly equipped, barque rigged, and pronounced perfectly seaworthy for any voyage, by a competent Marine Surveyor (not from Sydney), I fear not Mr Green's protest.
But I presume, Mr Editor, you are tired of showing the public the abilities of my friend. And, as I sail this day for Melbourne, I close all correspondence with him in three words — George Green, adieu!
I am, &c, John McLean. Port Chalmers, 3rd November, 1864.
REPAIR OF THE ALHAMBRA.
(To the Editor of the Daily Times.) Sir — There has been an extensive correspondence published in your paper relative to the capabilities existing in Dunedin necessary for repairing the s.s. Alhambra. I dare say you may be tired of it, yet, my name having been unwarrantably used, I am under the necessity of requesting you to be so kind as to give me a little space, in order that I may be associated with simple truth.
Mr Green called upon me, and this is the conversation that ensued: —
Mr Green: Have you means to repair the shaft of the Alhambra.
Mr Parry: I have consulted with the foreman smith, and can say "yes, we can do it."
Mr Green: Then I will write to the paper. No slip is necessary. I can do all that is required without a slip. &c, &c.
Mr Parry: I advise you not to write to the papers. A slip is necessary for the Port, and the present circumstance may be a means of getting one. Besides, your assertions will be met by the assertions of others, and it is probable you may get the worst of it. Mr Baird was in the office during my conversation with Mr Green. I have shown to him the foregoing account of it, and he is witness to its correctness.
In matters of business, professionally, it is not my manner to say "I would make short work of it," or make use of any other phrase that might bear many and ludicrous entendres. I am not so green.
I am, &c, Sam. Parry. Otago Iron Works, Dunedin, 3rd November, 1864. -Otago Daily Times, 4/11/1864.
The Alhambra returned from Melbourne to Bluff, after repairs, on the 22nd of the following December.
PRELIMINARY NOTICE.
POSITIVE AND UNRESERVED SALE.
BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES In the ESTATE OF MR. GEORGE GREEN.
To Persons on the Look Out for Shops or Offices in a First-class Situation.
THE BEST BLOCK IN THE CITY, Known as GREEN'S BUILDINGS, In the Cutting.
McLANDRESS, HEPBURN AND CO. have been favored with instructions from the Trustees of Mr George Green's estate, to sell by auction, on an early day, due notice of which will be given,
The following valuable LEASEHOLD PROPERTY,
Being part of Section XXVJ. of Block 14, Dunedin,
Having a FRONTAGE OF 55 FEET To PRINCES STREET,
By a depth of 54 feet,
Upon whioh is erected A MOST SUBSTANTIAL BUILDING,
Comprising — THREE SHOPS, Occupied by Dunning Bros., fruiterers; C. Wright, tobacconist; and G. Proud, confectioner.
Together with EIGHTEEN ROOM,
Partly occupied by the Royal Commissioners of the New Zealand Exhibition, Messrs Mason and Clayton, and other highly respectable tenants, at remunerative rentals.
TERMS LIBERAL, Declared at sale. For further particulars apply to the Auctioneers, or to the Trustees' Solicitors, Messrs Prendergast, Kenyon and Maddock, Manse street, Dunedin. Otago Daily Times, 7/4/1864.
This was a low point for George Green. His bankruptcy precipitated at least one other and perhaps he thought that restitution of lands bought in pre-Treaty days would turn his fortunes around. He petitioned the nation's General assembly, his petition was made a Bill and read a number of times, with amendments
Wellington (excerpt)
Last night another bill, brought in by the same member — George Green's Land Claims Settlement Bill — whose title explains it, was read a second time. -Bruce Herald, 25/9/1867.
It has been for some time reported that the Otago Provincial Government contemplated the formation of a settlement at Martin's Bay. This country is described as being well adapted for agricultural and pastoral purposes, and the harbor one of the best on the West Coast. The Daily Times, 20th inst., writing upon this subject, says: — "A very important expedition is about taking place, under the auspices of the Otago Government. It has at length been determined that a settlement should be planted on the West Coast of the Province, and something be done to connect it with the Eastern settled districts. For this purpose a steamer is being chartered, and a numerous party, including surveyors, are going round. A great deal of interest is attach to the venture, and sanguine hopes are entertained that material benefit to the Province will result from it." We hear that His Honor the Superintendent (Otago) will be one of the party, and Mr George Green, who claims a large extent of country in the locality under a native title, has telegraphed to Dunedin, stating his willingness to join the expedition if the steamer calls at the Bluff for him. -Southland Times, 25/11/1867.
Public Notices
CAUTlON. — Section Three (3), Block one (I); Campbelltown Hundred. All persons whomsoever are cautioned against purchasing or in any way dealing with George Green, late of Dunedin, for the Purchase, Mortgage, or lease of any interest claimed by him in the above Land, as the Crown Grant in his possession was obtained by fraud and misrepresentation, and proceedings are about being taken to set the same aside.
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of November, 1867.
JAMES SPENCER, WILLIAM SPENCER.
Witness to the signatures of James Spencer and William Spencer: Jas. Waddel, Storekeeper, Campbelltown. -Southland Times, 29/11/1867.
PROVINCIAL COUNCIL.
TUESDAY, APRIL 21st. The Speaker (Mr W. H. Reynolds, M.H.R.) took the chair at two o'clock.
THE PETITION OF GEORGE GREEN. Mr MAIN moved "That the petition of George Green be referred to the Select Committee on Private Petitions." The petitioner, Mr Green, had been engaged prosecuting his claim for upwards of eight years; and, hitherto, he had been unable to receive any proper satisfaction, although its justice was admitted on all hands. Eight years ago, he attempted to bring his claim before the General Assembly, at Auckland, and since that time, it had been before the Assembly, and although the claim had not been ignored, still no satisfaction had been obtained. He had now come before that House, preferring the course adopted in other similar cases, in which the claimants first petitioned the Provincial Council, afterwards approached the Assembly fortified by their resolutions or recommendations, and ultimately obtained satisfaction. He (Mr Main) strongly urged the House, for its own security, to receive the petition. If the claim were not considered by a Select Committee of that House, they would probably have another Bill of a class previously introduced in the Assembly, whereby they would find the Province deprived of a large number of acres — much more than the Province would like to sanction. It was with that object, solely, that he asked the House to agree to the motion. He was thoroughly convinced that Mr Green had a good claim. It was his duty, in the Assembly, to inquire into it, and he had no doubt that it was an equitable and just one. Mr Green claimed a tract of land on the West Coast, in which Martin's Bay was situated, and probably in future years that locality would be populated, and the value of the land would be considerably enhanced. Mr.Green's claim would then assume a much greater magnitude than at present. At present, his claim was exceedingly moderate. He would be satisfied with any reasonable or equitable proposal which the Council might make, and it was for the interests of the Province that a Select Committee should now consider the subject, rather than leave it to be dealt with at Wellington.
The PROVINCIAL SECRETARY had no objection to second the motion. The hon. member by whom it was moved was, perhaps, not altogether cognisant of the facts, and there was no doubt that the Select Committee would have a very difficult matter to deal with. At the same time, he thought it should be referred to a Select Committee. In the first place, the great difficulty which presented itself was this —Mr Green's claim extended over portions of Otago, Southland, and Canterbury, and his claim in the other Provinces was just as good as in Otago. The hon. mover said that the claim was perfectly good, and had never been denied; but he did not understand him to say that the claim to an enormous extent of the Middle Island was a perfectly good claim. He took it that the hon. mover meant to say that the claim was good as far as it was entitled to consideration, like other claims. There was no doubt that the Middle Island had been sold over and over again, to different people, and in different ways. He was not sufficiently acquainted with the circumstances, but it appeared that when some settlement was attempted to be made, some basis was laid down according to which land was to be given according to payments made by the claimants. As he understood it, the basis was this — Irrespective of the amount of land conveyed by any title deeds, a computation should be made according to the amount of money paid to the Natives; and there was a limit fixed, in excess of which no person should be entitled to land. The matter was referred to the Privy Council, it was decided that the limit should not be adhered to. At any rate, many persons succeeded in getting Crown grants for large amounts of land — much larger than was contemplated by the basis to which he had referred. He thought that Mr Green should be dealt with in the matter, liberally. They should not ask that the limit should be strictly adhered to, but they should adopt some computation. They must say that the amount of land to which he should be entitled should depend upon the amount of money paid. In the Assembly, he (the Provincial Secretary) had had charge of a Bill on the subject, and had worked hard in the matter. The Postmaster-General had also exerted himself very much in the matter. The Bill passed through both houses, but the Upper House set their faces against the very fair amount which Mr Green was willing to accept. What he agreed to accept was less, perhaps, than he had a fair claim to ask for; but even that amount was not granted. Mr Green was perfectly justified in going on with the matter, and he was perfectly justified in refusing to accept the Bill which was, to all intents and purposes, passed last session. The Otago members had been inclined to be much fairer in the matter than the members for the other Provinces; but Mr Green had a good claim upon Canterbury, Southland, and Otago. Technically, perhaps, he had placed himself in a difficulty in the matter. He had not been ready with proofs when the Commission was sent down, but he must be acquitted of any negligence. He thought the report of the Select Committee would have great weight with the Assembly, so far as Otago was concerned; but would it have weight with reference to Southland and Canterbury, or would the Select Committee be justified in examining into the claims against these two Provinces — [An Hon. Member: Certainly not.] If that difficulty could be got over, he would be very glad to do justice to Mr Green, and he would feel fortified in the matter by the resolution or the recommendations of the Council. The amount which Mr Green was willing to accept, and to which he was entitled, would be nothing immense. As far as he, recollected, the claim over the three Provinces was something under 3000 acres. He hoped that in dealing with the matter, the Committee would state what amount of land should he given, and set their face against referring any such claims to arbitration, which would simply be to imperil the whole property of the Province. The motion was agreed to. -Otago Daily Times, 22/4/1868.
Land Claims Court.
— Campbelltown, 10th February, 1869. (Before W. H. Pearson Esq., Assistant Land Claims Commissioner. ) This was an action regarding certain blocks of land at Bluff Harbor, which have been the subject of litigation for some years. The case has been before a Select Committee of the Legislative Council, whose report is to the effect that Mr Green (of Dunedin) obtained a grant by misrepresentation, from James and William Spencer, half-castes, whose claim is based on the will of their father, James Spencer, senior. As the evidence is only partially heard, and is likely to occupy the court several days, it is impossible to define more fully the pleadings on either side. Mr Harvey (on behalf of Spencer) suggested to the Commissioner that it was the place of the opposite side to commence proceedings by proving their claim to the land, inasmuch as it had been set aside by the Legislature at Wellington. Mr Macdonald (on behalf of Green) contended, however, that a proof of title on the part of his client, should not be first demanded, it was clearly the duty of the counsel against him to show that the award was bad. The Commissioner stated that the Act had nothing to do with Spencer's claim, and quoted the Attorney-General's opinion to the effect that the Act had annulled Green's title. He considered proceedings should be commenced on the part of the latter to upset that decision, and show that Mr Dillon Bell's award was a just one. Considerable discussion ensued on both sides, when Mr Harvey agreed to open proceedings in order to save the time of the Court, and the first witness he should call would be Green, whose conduct he commented on most severely, alleging it to be a aeries of deception from beginning to end, and expressing his surprise that he should again venture to appear before a Court. The learned counsel was prepared to prove that Green had by intimidation obtained the signature of Mrs Spencer (a Maori, and mother of his clients) to an agreement of exchange with him of valuable frontage land for back portions which were almost valueless. While at the same time, this signature was invalid, he had misrepresented facts to Mr Dillon Bell regarding the absence of James Spencer, but beyond all this he (Mr Harvey) was prepared to elicit facts showing that Green never had any claim. He would now call George Green, who stated — I am the person whose grant is now sought to be set aside. I forwarded an agreement, purporting to be signed by Jane Spencer, to Mr Cutten. (Original produced by the Commissioner, and identified.) I got a Maori woman to sign Jane Spencer to it. I do not know her as Jane Spencer. I had no trouble to get her to sign. I was not a whole day getting her to sign. I identify the woman present as the person who affixed her mark as Jane Spencer. I and several others were present. Smith interpreted. I do not speak Maori. She did not speak English. I do not know that she refused to sign. A lad called William Spencer was called. By the Commissioner. — I do not think by her manner she objected to sign. Examination continued — I believe she knew I was coming, and the reason. I did not use threats. I did not threaten to bastardize her children if she did not sign, nor did I authorise Smith the interpreter to tell her so. I told Smith I did not think the children were born in wedlock. I did not make these representations to her to induce her to sign, namely, that I would get a grant for her children; that in consequence of separation of Southland from Otago the Government would take the land. I was desirous of getting the matter settled without the interference of Government, and would be a loser by the exchange. By the Commissioner — It was out of pure good nature and charitable feeling to the Spencers I took this trouble. Examination continued — The exchange I allude to is 300 yards frontage to Bluff Harbor, given by Towak to me. I do not know whether Jane Spencer had any right to sign. I was obliging all parties. I know a lad calling himself James Spencer. I never tried to induce him to sign. I identify the man in Court as the lad who called himself James Spencer. I never produced the document to him, nor do I think he ever saw it. He may have said Jane Spencer had no right to sign it, but I swear he never refused. He never stated if he had been at home Jane Spencer would not have signed it. I was aware James Spencer objected to such signature. I never represented to Mr Bell or other Commissioner that the Spencers were consenting parties to the exchange. I did not know Spencer was resident at the Bluff. I told Mr Bell I had not seen him for two years. I never stated he had not been heard of since going on a whaling voyage. Up to the time of the agreement I did not know Spencer senior left a will, nor till I saw a copy at Wellington. I handed Mr Bell's letter to Mr Domett, but never told the latter that the Spencers were consenting parties to the exchange. Mr Bell's letter did that. Nor did I state Spencer was nowhere to be found. I knew at this time the land had been built on, but not previous to issue of the grant. I do not know how long Mr Bonar's house had been built. With reference to William Spencer, those interpreting led me to suppose Jane Spencer was influenced to sign by that son. No reference was made to James Spencer being on a whaling voyage. My original claim to a 300 yard frontage was from a deed from a native Towak to me. Mr Macdonald reserved his cross-examination to a future stage of the proceedings. By the Commissioner — I started the idea of re-distribution of the laud. I took a fatherly interest in the various claimants. I did not know the Maori woman as Jane Spencer, nor consider her signature of any importance. I consented to her affixing her mark as Jane Spencer. I did not write the words Jane Spencer, her mark, nor do I know who did. Smith acted as interpreter understanding Maori and English. I did not through him urge Jane Spencer to sign. I did not through others present threaten her. I used no amount of pressure. I did not authorise the interpreters to threaten Jane Spencer with the bastardizing of her children. I do not think in conversation I made use of such an expression. It was between eleven and twelve noon that I left Jane Spencer's house taking away with me the agreement signed. The Court adjourned for half-an-hour, and resumed at 2 p.m. Patrick Gilroy stated — I am 33 years resident at the Bluff, and was intimate with the late James Spencer senior. I know and have known from infancy, James and Wm Spencer. They are to the best of my belief his sons. Jane Spencer is their mother. I know Adamson's garden. I know nothing about the title, he was merely squatting. In the map produced the back land is not worth much — not by one third as the frontage. By the Commissioner — Till after the Otago Survey I knew nothing of Green owning land at the Bluff. I know nothing of a grant from Towak to Green. I know that a man named Dyer came from Sydney many years ago. James Smith stated, — I am and was in 1861 a settler at the Bluff; I witnessed the signatures to the agreement produced. I was present when Jane Spencer affixed her mark; I attended at the request of Mr Green. I did not interpret for him. I only knew sufficient of Maori to ask for meat and drink. Mr Green could not speak (content missing) I was four or five hours present — several others — my wife part of the time. Mrs Spencer was unwilling to sign, but Mr Green repeatedly said it would be worse for her and her boys if she did not. I suggested before going to the house that it would be better to let the matter stand over till James Spencer returned from his whaling voyage, but Mr Green said he was pushed for time. Kind of threats were used by Green to make Jane Spencer sign. She was crying when she affixed her mark. Mr Green stated the children were not born in wedlock. We all thought on Green's representations that he was the man to get us our grants, as he said he would fight the Government. We were not well versed in legal matters, and could not be travelling about the country. I thought Jane Spencer signed from compulsion. We were all pressed to sign. Cross-examined by Mr Macdonald — I could not then speak Maori well. I was one to try to instil into Jane Spencer's mind, as well as I could, what Green meant. Stirling was principal interpreter. I said to Jane Spencer, through Stirling and the boy William, that I would, for the boys' sakes, advise her to sign. By the Commissioner — Mr Green impressed me with the opinion it would be better for all parties. Cross-examination continued — Green threatened Mrs Spencer that the boys would not have an inch of ground at the Bluff if she did not sign. He did not address anyone in particular, but we all thought it was intended for Mr Spencer. Stirling interpreted this; the boy William also said it might be the case, and had better sign and be done with it. Green said he could prove they were not Spencer's children, or born in wedlock, or words to that effect. I think Jane Spencer knew what Green meant. I was under the impression Green was to get a piece of land for getting the others their grants. I never went on a whaling voyage to get out of the way of giving evidence, nor have held conversation with anyone on this subject. By the Commissioner — I thought at the time it was a bad exchange for Spencer. I might have made a remark at the time that Spencer would lose all the frontage. I went into the house, and left with Green. We were there four or five hours at least, trying all the time to get the signature of Jane Spencer. We had no other business there. Green repeatedly said he wished some one to tell her he could prove the children were not born in wedlock. The evidence of this witness was corroborated in the main by Mary Smith, his wife, and William Spencer. The Commissioner desired James Spencer to leave the Court during the latter's examination.. At 5.10 p.m. the Court was adjourned till Monday, the 15th inst., at 11 a.m. -Southland Times, 12/2/1869.
LANDS CLAIMS COURT.
Before W. H. Pearson, Esq., Assistant Lands Claims Commissioner.
TUESDAY, 16th FEBRUARY. The cause of litigation so fully noticed by us on the 10th inst., between James and William Spencer on the one side, and George Green on the other, was resumed this morning. As before it caused considerable interest at the Bluff, the Court being crowded during the hearing, which was sustained until the protracted hour of sitting, 6 p.m. The Rev. J. F. H. Wohlers having been sworn in as Maori Interpreter, the first witness called was
George Green, whom the Commissioner stated he was desirous of re-examining at considerable length. The principal nature of his evidence was to the effect that the native chief, from whom he made his purchases in Sydney, had made more than one sale, and on his arrival in New Zealand he (Green), for safety, purchased one McDonald's right for £5, in a subsequent purchase by a man named Hoare, from Towack, the native chief in question. A sale note was produced to Hoare, and a deed of gift from Hoare to McDonald — the former had a figure obliterated in the date, the latter no date at all.
The next witness called, was Topi Patuki, whose evidence was material, from his knowledge of Towack's signature. He distinctly refuted his signature to the sale note referred to. From his knowledge of localities of all the Maori chiefs, and his long residence in the neighbourhood, the importance of his testimony was unmistakable. A most demonstrative Maori woman named Susan Davies followed, who was present at the birth of both of the Spencers, and spoke positively to their parentage. Considerable delay occurred through a difficulty in getting her to understand the nature of the questions, even with the valuable aid of the interpreter. The Maori mother of the Spencers was then examined, and gave her evidence in a most straightforward manner, corroborating entirely the evidence of all the previous witnesses, excepting Green's, which she denied with this exception, that she stated that at the memorable interview, when from compulsion she was made to sign away the land, that Smith only acted as interpreter.
Smith was again recalled regarding a conversation he had with Green in Dunedin, in which the predating of a deed was referred to, Mr McDonald, counsel for Green, was obliged then to return to Invercargill, and leave him to conduct the remaining portion of the case, which would be heard in Campbelltown, the rest being reserved for hearing in Invercargill.
A man named William Shepard, a resident of the Bluff for twenty-six years, gave material evidence regarding James Spencer, senior, being able to write, and leaving a will, also a good deal of corroborative evidence on Spencer's part.
Mr Green, in cross-examination, was most anxious to get the witness to acknowledge living with the Spencers' mother since the death of Spencer, and her having had a family to witness, but as the Commissioner ruled that the questions could not have any effect on the land claim, his questions did not elicit any reply from the witness.
The evidence of James Spencer was also corroborative of that of his brother, William, and he also thoroughly denied certain statements of Green. He gave particulars of those portions of the lands he had in conjunction with his brother disposed of, what he got for them, who had improved and built on them. He also swore that Green had several times urged him to sign the agreement to which so much reference has been made, and the various "shouts" Green spent over it for him. In answer to the Commissioner, he stated that Green had shown his knowledge of people building on the land by his expressing his sense of their kindness in so doing — his own face (Green's) at the same time beaming with benevolence.
Mr Longuet, and Mr Watt (carpenter) were called as purchasers of some of the land to testify as to the amount they paid, and what had been expended in improvements — the former corroborating the testimony of other witnesses regarding the threats used by Green regarding the legitimacy of the Spencers. The further hearing of the case was postponed till (to-morrow) Thursday, at Invercargill, when the use of the Provincial Council Hall will be requested. -Southland Times, 17/2/1869.
MARTIN'S BAY.
TO THE EDITOR. Sir — In your issue of the 6th inst. appeared a letter signed "Enquirer," asking, on behalf of himself and others, for certain information respecting the proposed settlement at Martin's Bay, in reply to which you publish a circular letter, issued by the Provincial Government. The information given in that document is no doubt valuable, but it evidently has not satisfied the minds of intending settlers; for since that date I have had numerous enquiries as to the nature of my claims to the land upon which the new settlement is to be formed. As a general answer to these applicants, I solicit from you space in the Times, for a short statement of facts connected with the dispute as to my legal rights to the whole of the country I claim, now pending between the General Government and myself. As this is a subject of great provincial importance, and will no doubt be freely discussed in the Provincial Council next session, I feel assured you will grant my request. — I am, &c, Geo. Green. Dunedin, 19th April.
In the year 1830, and for many years afterwards, I was carrying on business in Sydney as a shipbuilder, and was consequently acquainted with captains of whaling and timber vessels, who had a knowledge of the New Zealand coast. In October, 1838, six New Zealand chiefs visited Sydney, most of them representing tribes owning land in the Southern or Middle Island. At that time John Towack, alias Bloody Jack, with the concurrence of four other chiefs, sold to me a large tract of country on the west coast of the Middle Island. The boundaries of the land sold were clearly defined, and the purchase fully understood by the contracting parties. At this period New Zealand was not a British possession; the right of the Maoris to the soil and sovereignty of their country was indisputable; and New Zealand was acknowledged by Great Britain to be a substantive and independent state. It was not until more than two years after the date of my purchase — viz., 21st May, 1840, that Great Britain obtained, by the Treaty of Waitangi, the sovereign right of Her Majesty over the islands of New Zealand. It was at this time that the first proclamation of Governor Hobson was issued. At the time of the issue of that proclamation, I was on my way back from New Zealand, where I had proceeded to take legal possession of my land. Shortly after this, another proclamation was issued by Sir George Gipps, Governor of New South Wales, directing purchasers of land from the natives of New Zealand to lodge particulars of their claims with the Court of that colony. On the 9th August, 1840, my claims were duly presented, being the first sent in. The said claims were acknowledged, and I received formal notice that they would be forwarded to New Zealand to be investigated by a commission which had been appointed to examine into the claims of all parties holding native titles to land in this colony. At a later date I was informed that as the land I claimed was in the Middle Island, some time must elapse before an award could be made, as a second commission would have to be appointed. These claims have since been considered by Commissioners, and by no less than five Committees appointed by the Government, all the reports of which acknowledge the correctness of my claims, and have recommended a fair and just settlement of the same; still, though this question has been under discussion for 20 years, the matter is not yet settled. It has been reported that my title to the Martin's Bay country is defective, and would not be recognised in a court of law. To show the fallacy of such reports, I will state the nature of the title deeds, which I hold, and which I am willing to show to anyone who takes an interest in the proposed settlement at Martin's Bay. The deed in question was drawn by solicitors of high standing in Sydney — Messrs Pownall and Savage, and the attesting witness is Sir James Martin, late Attorney General and Premier of New South Wales, and I hold a sworn declaration of this gentleman, dated 1843, that the said John Towaik (the ruling chief), did at the time of signing the deed, well understand the nature and contents of the document, and that the same was a conveyance of the fee simple of the lands described therein — and that the consideration money was paid in his presence. This was sworn at Sydney on the 1st September, 1843. I have also a similar declaration, sworn by Mr Edward G. Savage — an attesting witness to the deed. The conveyances were registered in the Supreme Court at Sydney on the 4th February, 1840.
The grounds on which I base my claim to the Martin's Bay country from the coast line east into the Lake Wakatipu district are as follows: —
1. My titles, as Maori titles, are indisputable — either in law or equity — and never to this day have the natives in any way disputed my right to the land; on the contrary, I have a copy of a letter sent by the natives to the Commissioner of Crown Lands for Otago, in which they remonstrate with him for withholding my lands from me, and distinctly say that they belong to me.
2. My lands were purchased from the natives before the British Government claimed to have the slightest right to interfere in any way, which right was acquired by the treaty of Waitangi, signed nearly two years after the completion of my purchase. The Chief Towack, the very chief who signed the conveyance in my favour, being the principal Middle Island chief who signed the treaty of Waitangi.
3. I was one of the first to submit my titles to investigation, in accordance with the request of Her Majesty, in virtue of the authority acquired by the British Crown at the Treaty of Waitangi.
I have been induced, Sir, to trouble you with this statement at the urgent request of several intending settlers at Martin's Bay, and I must beg your permission to make a few remarks of a more personal nature; for I am aware that when the question has been asked "what are Green's claims?" the answer has been made "Oh, nothing; he is an old Sydney man who got a title in some way or other," &c. — leaving the impression that I had been a felon, and had acquired my land in Martin's Bay in a questionable manner — an impression as unjust as it is false. Neither I nor my ancestors were ever tainted with convictism; and if reference be required as to the truth of this assertion, I could refer to Sir Charles Nicholson, Sir Daniel Cooper, Mr Charles Cowper, Sir James Martin, Dr Lang, and other gentlemen of New South Wales; and the foregoing statement of facts is sufficient answer to any statement of my having obtained the lands in a questionable manner.
I do not, Sir, write this with any desire of retarding the progress of settlement at Martin's Bay. I am most desirous of seeing that district peopled; but in justice to myself and family, as well as to those who take up land in the country in question, the Provincial Government should urge the General Government to come at once to a settlement of my claims. I am prepared to meet them liberally. All I ask is that my claims may be dealt with as similar ones have been, in the cases of Mr Busby, the late Mr John Jones, and others, holding Native titles.
Apologising for the length of this letter — I am, &c, George Green. Dunedin, April 19th, 1870. -Otago Daily Times, 22/4/1870.
According to the Act passed granting land to Mr George Green, he is entitled to select 5000 acres of non-auriferous ground in Otago or Southland, exclusive of a hundred acres awarded to him at Raggedy Point, Stewart's Island. -West Coast Times, 10/10/1870.
Mr George Green, of this city, has just patented an invention for a dredge upon a new and improved principle, to be used on the Molyneux and other auriferous rivers of New Zealand, and having been favoured with a sight of the drawing, we are in a position to furnish the following information. The vessel is 60ft. long, and is to have a flat bottom, square stern, and long sharp bow, so constructed as to offer the least resistance to strong currents. She can be deeply immersed, when that is required, by the admission of water through valves in her sides, thus bringing her nearer to the ground to be worked upon. She is fitted with a diving-bell of sufficient size to enable two men to be constantly at work thereon, procuring and sending up the washdirt. This bell is of a rhomboid shape, being sharp at the ends with convex top, and may be used with or without shifting weights, to be attached as the bell descends, to counteract the buoyancy given by the supply of air to the workmen, and to be detached as it emerges from the water. The dredge will also have a pair of paddle-wheels for the purpose of working a pump or pumps to convey water on or to the banks of rivers, for sluicing or any other purpose, and by a simple contrivance the paddles can also be used to warp the vessel from place to place when desired. We look upon this invention as likely to effect a complete revolution in river dredging, as the present spoon dredges are notoriously inefficient, and all the present appliances for getting gold from the depths of rivers are, in the opinion of most practical working men, comparative failures, inasmuch as they cannot reach the richest deposits in clefts, seams, pools, and in the numerous bars in the stream. By Mr Green's process, however, the men can go down on to the reef in any part of the river, and can literally sweep the same with a broom, thus lifting everything to the most minute scale of gold. We learn from Mr Green that he has already entered into negotiations for placing at least two of his vessels on the Molyneux, and we wish them every success. -Otago Witness, 15/7/1871.
NEW DREDGE FOR THE MOLYNEUX.
THE PATENTEE is prepared to enter into liberal arrangements with persons desirous to supply themselves with his new Patent Dredge for raising washdirt from the beds of auriferous rivers, or conveying water on or to the banks or slopes thereof for sluicing purposes. Full particulars can be obtained of his Agent, Mr. George Murray, Shamrock Hotel. Dunedin.
GEORGE GREEN, Patentee. -Tuapeka Times, 27/7/1871.
ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE
[We do not identify ourselves with the opinions that may be expressed by our correspondents.]
PATENT DIVING BELL DREDGE
(TO the editor of THE DUNSTAN times.) Sir, — In a recent issue of your paper I observe some notes on my patent diving bell vessel, the writer of which suggested a few points for explanation. With your permission I now beg to supply the same. We will suppose the vessel moored over the spot at which operations are about to commence, and that the beach contains about six feet or more of surface tailings over say two feet of wash dirt. The first thing then to be done is to drop the bell within one foot of the surface of the beach. In the bell are two men, who forthwith commence to shovel astern one foot in depth of the material under the bell, after which the tailings require to be lifted to the surface in buckets or bags, and passed away astern, till the wash dirt is reached, which of course is sent up to the deck and dealt with for gold in the usual way. After all the wash dirt is collected the reef is then carefully examined and cleaned up, and here I expect the largest quantity of gold will be got. The area of the bottom of the bell is seven by six feet, and there will be no difficulty in working nine by seven feet to the bottom. Supposing this process to be thus completed there is an opening or paddock left of nine by seven feet. Now I propose to advance seven feet up the river, and repeat the same process, which will give me a paddock of eighteen feet long by seven feet wide. Thereupon, instead of the tailings being raised as described above, the men in the diving bell shovel everything into the paddocks astern until the wash dirt is reached. You will thus perceive that after an opening is once obtained, the minimum amount of labor only is required to deal with the tailings, as the same no longer require raising, but are shoveled into the paddocks astern. It will doubtless be said that the paddocks are likely to be filled up by the tailings always passing down the river; but I contend this will not ordinarily be the case, although it may be liable to such eventuality in times of flood, so are all the river beaches, but such difficulty is more readily overcome by my mode of working as it is only required to repeat the first operation and the work progresses as before. Another point not generally understood, is the bell passing through the tailings to the depth stated, say six feet or more. It has been suggested they would fall in on the bed, this could not occur by making the paddock double the size of the bell as already proposed. The fact is, the deeper the bell goes down the greater the protection afforded to it by the upper bank; for as the bell is but five feet high, as soon as that depth is reached the current is absolutely passing over its surface. I say that my bell can work such claims with the utmost facility and clean up the reef at the bottom, which is more than any known method of working can accomplish, and I believe that any practical dredger can at once realize its importance in this direction. I would merely add that there is nothing novel in a diving bell excepting in its application to its present intended use. I have had upwards of forty years practical experience in diving bells, have personally worked in them and have to stake my reputation on their successful working, provided the gold is in the river, of which there appears to be no doubt, when I see your paper reporting dividends to some of the present dredgers of 40l. to 60l. per man per week with the present inefficient mode of obtaining it.
Yours, &c, GEORGE GREEN, Patentee. -Dunstan Times, 18/8/1871.
Our readers will have noticed the announcement of the death, in the 62nd year of his age, of Mr George Green, well known here, and by repute at least, all over the Colony, through his enormous land claims. Mr Green came from Sydney to New Zealand in 1838. He remained in the Colony for about a year, and was chiefly at the Bluff during that time. It was on that occasion that he made his large purchases from the Maoris. These purchases were as follows: — Centre Island (off the Southland Coast), 2000 acres, for £20 10s; 20,000 acres, Stewart's Island, £30 10s; 20,000 acres, Kowokapito Bay, £20 10s; 109 acres, Bluff Harbour, £15; l,000,024acres, Mistaken Bay, West Coast, £200. He had also made purchases of land at Catlin's River, and bought the Quarantine Island in Otago Harbour. After leaving New Zealand, he went to Sydney. He commenced to prosecute his claims to these lands in 1840, being one of the first to submit his titles to the Government, but he could not get a Crown Grant. He came back to New Zealand in 1858 or 1859 to prosecute his claims, which he had all along been urging. He returned to Sydney, and again came to New Zealand in 1860, and has remained here ever since. No Crown Grant or compensation of any sort was ever given him on account of these purchases till about two years ago, when he received 5000 acres, in two blocks of 2500 acres each. Ten of Mr Green's family survive him. -Otago Daily Times, 3/9/1872.
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